The Eswatini Election: Casting a Ballot in a Nation with Prohibited Political Parties

Voters in Eswatini, Africa's last absolute monarchy, are participating in parliamentary elections where candidates are not allowed to run for a political party. This is the first election since the deadly pro-democracy protests in 2021. Critics argue that the elections are a sham meant to legitimate the absolute monarchy. However, King Mswati III has encouraged people to vote in order to maintain peace and stability. Over half a million people have registered to vote, but the elected members of parliament only have an advisory role and no real power. The king, who inherited the throne at a young age, will choose an additional 10 representatives. Reports indicate a calm atmosphere at the polling stations. Political parties have been banned in Eswatini since 1973, resulting in independent candidates running for office. This system often produces officials supportive of the monarchy. Many Swazis express doubt that the elections will bring about change, as the parliament is unable to criticize or take action against the king or executive. The king holds significant power in the country, appointing the cabinet, prime minister, judges, and commanding the security forces. Critics argue that elected officials lack the ability to hold the monarchy accountable. Opposition lawmakers who advocated for democratic rule are currently detained or exiled. In 2021, protests against police brutality turned into demands for political change, resulting in clashes between security forces and demonstrators, which led to numerous deaths. The government disputes the death toll and justifies police actions as self-defense. A human rights lawyer critical of the king was also killed earlier this year. King Mswati has dismissed criticism of his government and praised the outgoing government's performance. He urged voters to choose candidates who will promote peace, love for Eswatini, and advance development aspirations. The king's extravagant lifestyle has long been criticized, particularly as a significant portion of the population lives in poverty. Election results are expected to be announced this weekend.